天氣學是以大氣動力為基礎，亦即以空氣的運動為起點，分析研判天氣現況並由而預報未來天氣之學。內容包括（一）分析：根據全球同步觀測資料所進行之分析，以及用主觀（手工）或客觀（電腦）的方法繪製天氣圖；（二）診斷：以分析後的資料或天氣圖進行之診斷，其目的在於瞭解天氣以及天氣的演變與氣壓系統間的關係，進而製作天氣預報；及（三）預報：利用預報法則（主觀／統計）或由預報方程組為基礎所建構之數值模式預報未來天氣等三部分，理論與實作並重。
Synoptic meteorology is based on atmospheric dynamics, which is, starting from the movement of air, analyzing and diagnosing the current weather conditions and predicting future weather. The content includes (1) Analysis: analysis based on global synchronous observation data, and drawing weather maps using subjective (manual) or objective (computer) methods; (2) Diagnosis: based on analyzed data or weather maps Diagnosis, the purpose of which is to understand the weather and the relationship between the evolution of weather and the weather system, and then produce weather forecasts; and (3) Forecasting: using physical rules (subjective/statistical) or numerical model forecasting future weather. These three parts, including future weather, pay equal attention to theory and practice.